Opinions
Raphael Bühlmann

Reorientation in «genetic engineering»

Since the Nobel Prize-winning discovery of the gene scissors, politicians have been looking for a new regulatory framework for the technology. Switzerland is not the only country at a crossroads. The scientific community wants to make its voice heard.

Thursday, May 9, 2024

The modern world is complex. Very. And so have the professions. Whether you're a heating engineer, financial expert or farmer, today every specialism requires specialists. A lot is invested in training accordingly. In return, Switzerland in particular delivers first-class work. On the consumer side and as part of this system, you have to be able to rely on expertise. When you drive your car into the garage, you are also making a claim about the judgement of the vehicle. You trust that the mechanics know what they are doing.

If it is not about a car, but about our livelihoods such as health or food, our demand for information is greater. The right animal welfare or necessary vaccinations are constantly the subject of public debate. We spend large amounts of money on universities, studies and research to deal with such sensitive issues. Switzerland is recognised as one of the leading research locations. And yet, unlike the example of the car, trust in science does not seem to be at its best in this country. Whether it's the coronavirus vaccination or genetic engineering, there is a great deal of scepticism towards research. Scientific findings are being questioned in favour of spreading unqualified opinions on social media. Yet it should be science that provides the best possible facts for the most important questions of our time.

Massive resistance is also already forming in the case of sequenced genome editing. In the summer, the federal government intends to submit a draft law on the regulation of new genetic engineering for consultation. This is likely to be modelled on the EU's approach. The Swiss Alliance Free of Genetic Engineering (SAG) sees itself as a critical forum on this issue and has launched the petition «Extend the moratorium on genetic engineering. For the protection of humans, animals and the environment». SAG is backed by around 25 Swiss associations from the fields of the environment, nature conservation, animal welfare, medicine, development cooperation, organic farming and consumer protection. They argue that the «genetic engineering companies» are putting massive pressure on parliament and the Federal Council and that the majority of the population does not want to eat food produced from genetically modified organisms. Farmers would also want GM-free seeds. «The plans of the genetic engineering lobby would have unforeseeable and irreversible effects on our nature», they argue.

For the proponents, it is regrettable that such premature blanket criticism is depriving the breeding ground for a fundamental discussion. Instead of engaging with the risks and possibilities of modern breeding methods, the supporters believe that tried and tested fears are being fuelled. The moratorium is undisputed; lifting it would make the chemical companies dependent or the effects of a release would not be known. Bio Suisse also announced a popular initiative against new genetic engineering last week.

The refusal to engage with the risks and opportunities is understandable, especially from an economic perspective. Or as Markus Ritter, President of the Swiss Farmers' Association, put it during the debate on the last moratorium extension: «As long as consumers perceive the renunciation of genetic engineering as a quality argument, it is important to focus on this added value.» An added value that can be understood as long as it exists as added value. If the EU extends the authorisation of genome editing, this added value could erode quite quickly due to the immense flow of goods.

Should the reservations about sequenced genome editing in Europe and Switzerland actually turn positive as a result, or if this editing were actually recognised as sustainable and environmentally friendly, some mantras would have to be rewritten. After all, the marketing strategists of various labels have successfully drummed into us over the past decades what sustainable food is supposed to be.

However, we as a society would do very well to ignore the loud market criers and listen to the voices of research. Because one thing is clear: the supply of healthy and safe food will be one of the greatest challenges for future generations. And if we don't want to listen to science in such a complex world, who will we listen to?

Raphael Bühlmann is an agricultural and business economist FH. He has been an editor at «Schweizer Bauer» since 2023. This article was first published in Schweizer Bauer on 27 April.

Kindly note:

We, a non-native editorial team value clear and faultless communication. At times we have to prioritize speed over perfection, utilizing tools, that are still learning.

We are deepL sorry for any observed stylistic or spelling errors.

Reorientation in «genetic engineering»

Raphael Bühlmann

Raphael Bühlmann

Agricultural and business economist FH.

Politics seems resistant to facts

Beat Keller

Beat Keller

Beat Keller ist Professor für Molekulare Pflanzenbiologie an der Universität Zürich

«Plant breeding calls for liberal rules»

Jürg Niklaus

Jürg Niklaus

Jürg Niklaus has a doctorate in law and is an advocate of plant breeding.

More pesticides, more genetic engineering: How we are overcoming hunger.

Markus Somm

Markus Somm

Journalist, publicist, publisher and historian

«The fear of genetically modified plants is unwarranted»

Anke Fossgreen

Anke Fossgreen

Head of Knowledge Team Tamedia

«Politicians must avoid pushing prices up even more»

Babette Sigg Frank

Babette Sigg Frank

President of the Swiss Consumer Forum (KF)

Seizing the opportunity of green biotechnology

Roman Mazzotta

Roman Mazzotta

Country President Syngenta Switzerland

«Sustainability means more»

Hendrik Varnholt

Hendrik Varnholt

Journalist at Lebensmittel Zeitung

«One-third organic farming does not solve the problem»

Olaf Deininger

Olaf Deininger

Development Editor-in-Chief Agrar-Medien

«Ecological methods alone won’t cut it»

Saori Dubourg

Saori Dubourg

“Ecological methods alone won’t cut it”

«Most fears about pesticides are misplaced»

Michelle Miller

Michelle Miller

Columnist at Genetic Literacy Project and AGDaily

Agriculture needs new technologies

Erik Fyrwald

Erik Fyrwald

CEO Syngenta Group

«Modern pesticides can help fight climate change»

Jon Parr

Jon Parr

President of Syngenta Crop Protection

«Who is afraid of the evil GMOs?»

Jürg Vollmer

Jürg Vollmer

Editor-in-Chief of «die grüne» magazine

Content in German

«What plant breeding brings us»

Achim Walter

Achim Walter

Professor of Crop Science, ETH Zurich

Content in German

«Research and work place needs impetus»

Jan Lucht

Jan Lucht

Head of Biotechnology at Scienceindustries

Content in German

«Agriculture plays a major role»

Jan Grenz

Jan Grenz

Lecturer in Sustainability, School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences HAFL

«Understanding nature’s mechanisms better»

Urs Niggli

Urs Niggli

Agricultural scientist and president of Agroecology Science

«For food security, we need genuine Swiss production»

Jil Schuller

Jil Schuller

Editor «BauernZeitung»

«Lay people completely disregard the dose»

Michael Siegrist

Michael Siegrist

Professor of Consumer Behaviour, ETH Zurich

Content in German

«Is organic really healthier?»

Anna Bozzi

Anna Bozzi

Head of Nutrition and Agriculture at scienceindustries

Content in German

«Genetic engineering and environmental protection go hand in hand»

Dr. Teresa Koller

Dr. Teresa Koller

Researcher at the Institute of Plant and Microbiology at the University of Zurich

«The «Greta» generation will rigorously dispel paradigms.»

Bruno Studer

Bruno Studer

Professor for Molecular Plant Breeding, ETH Zurich

Content in German

«Overcoming the urban-rural divide with constructive agricultural policy»

Jürg Vollmer

Jürg Vollmer

Editor-in-Chief of «die grüne» magazine

Content in German

«We protect what we use»

Regina Ammann

Regina Ammann

Head of Business Sustainability, Syngenta Switzerland

Content in German

Related articles

When surveys create fear
New Breeding Technologies

When surveys create fear

Surveys on technologies such as genetic engineering often focus on risks and spread panic instead of promoting a balanced discussion of the pros and cons. A striking example is the environmental indicator of the Federal Statistical Office. Social scientist Angela Bearth is highly critical of the survey. The public debate on new technologies such as genetic engineering or 5G mobile communications is often conducted emotionally. Current surveys encourage this by stirring up fears instead of enabling an objective consideration of risks and benefits. One example of this is the environmental indicator, a survey conducted by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) on the subject of hazards. Using simplistic questions, it generates distorted perceptions. In an article on the progressive Agrarwende.ch platform of the Eco-Progressive Network association, social scientist Angela Bearth addresses the issue.

False study on crop protection poisoning influences political decisions
Plant protection

False study on crop protection poisoning influences political decisions

In recent years, the alarming news has been making the rounds that 385 million people suffer from crop protection poisoning every year. The claim comes from a study by critics of pesticides. It has been taken up and spread by numerous media and government institutions. The problem: the number is wrong. The study does not even allow for the conclusion, which is why the scientific publisher in question has since withdrawn the study. Nevertheless, it has influenced politics and continues to be cited frequently.

The ideological misuse of «scientific» studies
Knowledge

The ideological misuse of «scientific» studies

Science serves as a basis for political decisions, including in nature conservation. However, a key question is: how trustworthy are the underlying studies and data? An article in the «NZZ am Sonntag» and the explanations provided by Quarks offer revealing perspectives on the quality of scientific studies and the possible misuse of figures.

gfs survey confirms high acceptance of genome editing
Politics

gfs survey confirms high acceptance of genome editing

A large majority of the Swiss population recognises the advantages of targeted plant breeding using genome editing. This is shown by a survey conducted by gfs.bern.